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38553
Wayne, William John
1971
B42G
Wayne, W. J., 1971, Marl resources of Indiana: Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin 42G, 16 p., 4 figs.
Indiana Geological & Water Survey; Bulletin 42-G
Abstract:
"INTRODUCTION: The marls of Indiana are soft unconsolidated calcareous muds. Marls that are nearly free of plant debris ordinarily are yellowish white to gray; plant remains tend to make marls darker gray. The finely divided particles and the high calcium carbonate content cause marls to effervesce freely in hydrochloric acid. Snail and clam shells, as well as the remains of such other aquatic organisms as ostracods and oogonia of Chara, are characteristic of marl. Few deposits are without at least a few remains, although their abundance varies greatly.
Marls are lake sediments, and thus deposits of marl are now found in lakes, under the surface of flat marshy areas that were once lakes, or in terraces around the edges of basins that once held lakes. Most deposits of marl in Indiana are still largely or completely underwater, but a few become emergent during droughts, and the surfaces of some are completely above the water table. They are treated stratigraphically as part of the paludal facies of the Martinsville Formation, which includes modern stream and lake sediments."